Metabolic and respiratory adaptations during intense exercise following long-sprint training of short duration

Claire Thomas (1, 2) , Olivier Bernard (3) , Carina Enea (3) , Chadi Jalab (3) , Christine Hanon (1)

1 SEP (EA7370) - French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370)
2 STAPS - UEVE - Département Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (Evry)
3 LAPHAP - Laboratoire des Adaptations Physiologiques aux Activités Physiques

This study aimed to determine metabolic and respiratory adaptations during intense exercise and improvement of long-sprint performance following six sessions of long-sprint training. Nine subjects performed before and after training (1) a 300-m test, (2) an incremental exercise up to exhaustion to determine the velocity associated with maximal oxygen uptake (v-VO 2max), (3) a 70-s constant exercise at intensity halfway between the v-VO 2max and the velocity performed during the 300-m test, followed by a 60-min passive recovery to determine an individual blood lactate recovery curve fitted to the bi-exponential time function: La t ð Þ ¼ La 0 ð Þ þ A 1 ð1 À e Àc 1 t Þ þ A 2 ð1 À e Àc 2 t Þ, and blood metabolic and gas exchange responses. The training program consisted of 3–6 repetitions of 150–250 m interspersed with rest periods with a duration ratio superior or equal to 1:10, 3 days a week, for 2 weeks. After sprint training, reduced metabolic disturbances, characterized by a lower peak expired ventilation and carbon dioxide output, in addition to a reduced peak lactate (P \ 0.05), was observed. Training also induced significant decrease in the net amount of lactate released at the beginning of recovery (P \ 0.05), and significant decrease in the net lactate release rate (NLRR) (P \ 0.05). Lastly, a significant improvement of the 300-m performance was observed after training. These results suggest that long-sprint training of short durations was effective to rapidly prevent metabolic disturbances, with alterations in lactate accumulation and gas exchange, and improvement of the NLRR. Furthermore, only six long-sprint training sessions allow long-sprint performance improvement in active subjects.

Mots clés: Sprint; High-intensity exercise; Proton; Lactate exchange; Lactate kinetics; Constant exercise

Domaines: Sport; Physiologie du sport

Claire Thomas, Olivier Bernard, Carina Enea, Chadi Jalab, Christine Hanon. Metabolic and respiratory adaptations during intense exercise following long-sprint training of short duration. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2012, pp.667-675. ⟨10.1007/s00421-011-2018-9⟩. ⟨hal-01565273⟩