The Development of Movement Imagery Vividness Through a Structured Intervention in Softball

Abstract : The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of a structured imagery interven­tion on self-reported vividness of movement imagery in four female national softball players. A multiple-baseline design across individuals was employed. Participants spent 10 minutes, four or five times per week, practising an audio-tapedimagery program, which was con­sisted of 28 sessions. Measures of imagery vividness were obtained from the Vividness of Movement lmagery Questionnaire during the baseline and treatment phases. Results showed significant improvementsin vividness scores on both the external and internal imagery perspective scales, with increases in the range of 15.8 % to 32.3 % from the baseline to the treatment phase. The findings are discussed with regard to individual cases and Lang's (1979) Bio-informational Theory.