F. M. Ama, J. A. Simoneau, M. R. Boulay, . Serresse, G. Theriaut et al., , 1986.

, Skeletal muscle characteristics in sedentary Black and Caucasian males, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.61, pp.1785-1761

R. Asvat, P. Candler, and E. E. Sarmiento, High incidence of the third head of biceps brachii in South African populations, Journal of Anatomy, vol.182, pp.101-104, 1993.

M. F. Bobbert, Dependence of human squat jump performance on the series elastic compliance of the triceps surae: a simulation study, Journal of Experimental Bio/ogy, vol.204, pp.533-542, 2001.

J. Bojsen-moller, S. P. Magnusson, L. R. Rasmussen, M. Kjaer, and P. Aagaard, Muscle performance during maximal isometric and dynamic contractions is influenced by the stiffness of the tendinous structures, J Appl Physio, vol.99, pp.986-994, 2005.

A. Bosch, B. R. Goslin, and T. D. Noakes, Physiological differences between black and white runners during a treadmill marathon, European Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.61, pp.68-72, 1990.
DOI : 10.1007/bf00236696

C. Bouchard, J. A. Simoneau, and G. Lortie, Genetics effects in human skeletal muscle fibre type distribution and enzyme activities, Canadian journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, vol.64, pp.1245-1251, 1986.

A. Burfoot, White men can't run. Runner's world, pp.89-95, 1992.

D. Chambon, Intérêt de la détermination de la relation charge-vitesse sur ergocycle avec les membres supérieurs chez les nageurs de haut niveau, 1999.

D. Pamprero, P. E. Ceretelli, and P. , Maximal muscular power (aerobic and anaerobie) in African natives, Ergonomies, vol.12, pp.51-59, 1969.

T. Driss, Etude de la puissance maximale anaérobie chez l'homme. Thèse de doctorat de Physiologie et Biomécanique de la Performance Motrice, 1999.

T. Driss, H. Vandewalle, and H. Monod, Maximal power and force-velocity relationship during cycling and cranking exercices in volleyball players, Journal of Sport Medicine and Physical Fitness, vol.38, pp.286-293, 1998.

T. Driss, H. Vandewalle, J. Quievre, C. Miller, and H. Monod, Effects of extemal loading on power output in a squat jump on a force platform: A comparison between strength and power ath] etes and sedentary individuals, Journal of Sport Sciences, vol.19, pp.99-105, 2001.

T. Driss, Y. Badour, H. Vandewalle, B. Jeannette, L. Pellec-muller et al., Vertical jump and maximal power of the upper and lower limbs in subjects from different ethnie origins, 2004.

T. Driss, D. Lambertz, H. Vandewalle, Y. Badour, and F. Goubel, Viscous-elastic properties of plantar flexor muscles in white caucasian vs. black athletes with west African origin : a preliminary study, 2006.

S. Fukashiro, T. Abe, A. Shibayama, and W. F. Brechue, Comparison of viscoelastic characteristics in triceps surae between black and white athletes, Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, vol.3, pp.183-187, 2002.

J. Ghesquiere and R. Eeckels, Health, physical development, and fitness of primary school children in Kinshasa, pp.20-30, 1984.

P. Marquer, Morphologie des races humaines .Collection Armand Colin N° 395, 1967.

A. Colin, , p.41

M. Mills, N. Yang, R. Weinberger, V. Woude, D. L. Beggs et al.,

, Differentiai expression of the actin-binding proteins, alpha-actinin-2 and-3, in different species: implications for the evolution of functional redundancy, Hum Mol Genet, vol.10, issue.13, pp.5-1346, 2001.

G. Pérès, H. Vandewalle, and H. Monod, Aspect particulier de la relation charge-vitesse lors du pédala ge sur cyclo-ergomètre, Journal de Physiologie, pp.77-78, 1981.

A. Rahmani, E. Locatelli, and J. R. Lacour, Differences in morphology and force/velocity relationship between Senegalese and Italian sprinters, European Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.91, pp.399-405, 2004.

B. Saltin, C. K. Kim, N. Terrados, H. Larsen, J. Svedenhag et al., Morphology, enzyme activites and buffer capacity in leg muscles of Kenyan and Scandinavian runners, 1995.

, Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science Sports, vol.5, pp.222-230

J. A. Schwane, R. T. Buckley, D. P. Dipaolo, M. A. Atkinspn, and J. R. Sheperd, , 2000.

, Plasma creatine kinase responses of 18 to 30-year-old Africain-Americain men to eccentric exercice, Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercice, vol.32, pp.370-378

J. Seck, Détermination de la relation moment-vitesse et de la puissance maximale sur ergocycle au moyen d'un système informatisé, 1996.

H. Vandewalle, Puissance maximale anaérobie et relation «force-vitesse» sur, 1986.

H. Vandewalle, G. Pérès, and H. Monod, Relation force-vitesse lors d'exercices cycliques réalisés avec les membres supérieurs, vol.2, pp.22-25, 1983.

H. Vandewalie, G. Pérès, J. Helier, and H. Monod, Ali-out anaerobie capacity test on a cycle ergometres. A comparative study on men and women, European Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.54, pp.222-231, 1985.

H. Vandewalie, J. Helier, G. Pérès, S. Ravneneau, and H. Monod, Etude comparative entre le wingate test et un test de force-vitesse sur ergocycle, Science et Sport, vol.2, pp.279-284, 1987.

H. Vandewalie, G. Pérès, J. Heller, J. Panel, and H. Monod, Force-velocity relationship and maximal power on cycle ergometer-correlation with a vertical jump, 1987.

, European Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.56, pp.650-656

H. Vandewalie and F. Friemel, Tests d'évaluation de la pmssance maximale des métabolismes aérobie et anaérobie, Science et Sports, vol.4, pp.265-279, 1989.